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Palliative Medicine
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research-article

The malignant wound assessment tool: a validation study using a Delphi approach

V Schulz

London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario; Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario

K Kozell

London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario

PD Biondo

Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Alberta Cancer Board, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Palliative Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta

C Stiles

Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Alberta Cancer Board, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Palliative Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta

K Tonkin

Cross Cancer Institute, Alberta Cancer Board, Edmonton, Alberta; Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta

NA Hagen

Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Alberta Cancer Board, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Palliative Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta neilha{at}cancerboard.ab.ca

Malignant wounds, caused by the direct invasion of cancer into the skin, occur in cancer patients with primary skin tumours and as cutaneous metastasis in approximately 10% of patients with metastatic internal malignancies. Malignant wounds have a profound impact on patients, family members and health care providers. The assessment of the patient with malignant wounds can be complex and there is no widely accepted, consistent approach. Valid, descriptive survey research methods were used to develop the Malignant Wound Assessment Tool (MWAT). The authors developed two versions of the MWAT: a brief clinical version (MWAT-C) and a more detailed research version (MWAT-R). Domains include clinical wound features, physical effects and emotional and social impacts of the wound. The two tools underwent content and construct validity testing using a Delphi process. An international panel of professionals with clinical or research expertise related to malignant wounds was formed. Panelists participated in two rounds of review for each tool. Development and face validity testing of the MWAT-C and MWAT-R tools through the Delphi process have resulted in tools ready for clinical application and will support clinical and research activities to improve care for patients with this devastating condition.

Key Words: assessment tool • cancer • Delphi technique • malignant wound • palliative care • validation

Palliative Medicine, Vol. 23, No. 3, 266-273 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0269216309102536
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